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Old Occupations Defined
Compiled by Dan Burrows - dburrows1@juno.com 
"I put these 130 items together from many sources and used it as a
handout for our local Orange County (NY) Genealogical Society.  
I was asked by many recipients if the CHART could be forwarded 
to other lists or used in local newsletters. 
The answer is yes - please share this information."
Dan Burrows

Accomptant -    Accountant
Almoner-        Giver of charity to the needy
Amanuensis -    Secretary or stenographer
Artificer -     A soldier mechanic who does repairs
Bailie -        Bailiff
Baxter -        Baker
Bluestocking -  Female writer
Boniface -      Keeper of an inn
Brazier -       One who works with brass
Brewster -      Beer manufacturer
Brightsmith -   Metal Worker
Burgonmaster -  Mayor
Caulker -       One who filled up cracks (in ships or windows
                or seems to make them watertight by using tar
                or oakum-hem fiber produced by taking old
                ropes apart.
Chaisemaker -   Carriage maker
Chandler -      Dealer or trader; one who makes or sells candles; 
                retailer of groceries, ship supplier
Chiffonnier -   Wig maker
Clark -         Clerk
Clerk -         Clergyman, cleric
Clicker -       1. The servant of a salesman who stood at the door to
                invite customers; 
                2. one who received the matter in the galley from the
                compositors and arranged it in due form ready for
                printing; 
                3. one who makes eyelet holes in boots using
                a machine which clicked.
Cohen -         Priest
Collier -       Coal miner
Colporteur -    Peddler of books
Cooper -        One who makes or repairs vessels made of staves and
                hoops,such as casks, barrels, tubs, etc.
Cordwainer -    Shoemaker, originally any leather worker using leather 
                from Cordova/Cordoba in Spain
Costermonger -  Peddler of fruits and vegetables
Crocker -       Potter
Crowner -       Coroner
Currier -       1. One who dresses the coat of a horse with a currycomb;
                2. one who tanned leather by incorporating oil or grease
Docker -        Stevedore, dock worker who loads and unloads cargo
Dowser -        One who finds water using a rod or witching stick
Draper -        A dealer in dry goods
Drayman -       One who drives a long strong cart without fixed sides for
                carrying heavy loads
Dresser-        A surgeon's assistant in a hospital
Drover -        1. One who drives cattle, sheep, etc. to market; 
                2. a dealer in cattle
Duffer -        Peddler
Factor -        1. Agent, commission merchant; 
                2. one who acts or transacts business for another;
                3. Scottish steward or bailiff of an estate.
Farrier -       A blacksmith, one who shoes horses
Faulkner -      Falconer
Fellmonger -    One who removes hair or wool from hides in preparation
                for leather making
Fletcher -      One who made bows and arrows
Fuller -        1. One who fulls cloth;
                2. one who shrinks and thickens woolen
                cloth by moistening, heating, and pressing; 
                3. one who cleans and finishes cloth
Gaoler -        A keeper of the goal, a jailer
Glazier -       Window glassmanHacker - Maker of hoes
Hatcheler -     One who combed out or carded flax
Haymonger -     Dealer in hay
Hayward -       Keeper of fences
Higgler -       Itinerant peddler
Hillier -       Roof tiler
Hind-           A farm laborer
Holster -       A groom who took care of horses, often at an inn
Hooker -        Reaper
Hooper -        One who made hoops for casks and barrels
Huckster -      Sells small wares
Husbandman -    A farmer who cultivated the land
Jagger -        Fish peddler
Journeyman -    One who had served his apprenticeship and mastered his
                craft,not bound to serve a master, but hired by the day.
Joyner/Joiner - A skilled carpenter
Keeler -        Bargeman
Kempster -      Wool comber
Lardner -       Keeper of the cupboard
Lather -        Installer of lath strips in old-time walls
Lavender -      Washer woman
Lederer -       Leather maker
Leech -         Physician
Longshoreman -  Stevedore
Lormer -        Maker of horse gear
Malender -      Farmer
Maltster -      Brewer
Manciple -      A steward
Mason -         Bricklayer
Mintmaster -    One who issued local currency
Monger -        Seller of goods (ale, fish)
Muleskinner -   Teamster
Neatherder -    Herds cows
Ordinary Keeper-  Innkeeper with fixed prices
Pattern Maker - A maker of a clog shod with an iron ring. A clog
                was a wooden pole with a pattern cut into the end
Peregrinator -  Itinerant wanderer
Peruker -       A wig maker
Pettifogger -   A shyster lawyer
Pigman -        Crockery dealer
Plumber -       One who applied sheet lead for roofing and set lead
                frames for plain or stained glass windows.
Porter -        Door keeper
Puddler -       Wrought iron worker
Quarrier-       Quarry worker
Rigger -        Hoist tackle worker
Ripper -        Seller of fish
Roper -         Maker of rope or nets
Saddler -       One who makes, repairs or sells saddles or other
                furnishings for horses.
Sawbones-       Physician
Sawyer -        One who saws; carpenter
Schumacker -    Shoemaker
Scribler -      A minor or worthless author
Scrivener -     Professional or public copyist or writer; notary public
Scrutiner -     Election judge
SheriffSlater / 
   Shrieve -    Roofer
Slopseller-     Seller of ready-made clothes in a slop shop
Snobscat / 
   Snob -       One who repaired shoes
Sorter -        Tailor
Spinster -      A woman who spins or an unmarried woman
Spurrer -       Maker of spurs
Squire -        Country gentleman; farm owner; justice of peace
Stuff gown -    Junior barrister
Stuff gownsman - Junior barrister
Supercargo -    Officer on merchant ship who is in charge of cargo
                and the commercial concerns of the ship.
Tanner -        One who tans (cures) animal hides into leather
Tapley -        One who puts the tap in an ale cask
Tasker -        Reaper
Teamster -      One who drives a team for hauling
Thatcher -      Roofer
Tide waiter -   Customs inspector
Tinker -        An itinerant tin pot and pan seller and repairman
Tipstaff -      Policeman
Travers -       Toll bridge collection
Tucker -        Cleaner of cloth goods
Turner -        A person who turns wood on a lathe into spindles
Victualer -     A tavern keeper, or one who provides an army, navy, 
                or ship with food
Vulcan -        Blacksmith
Wagoner -       Teamster not for hire
Wainwright -    Wagon maker
Waiter -        Customs officer or tide waiter; 
                one who waited on the tide to collect 
                duty on goods brought in.
Waterman -      Boatman who plies for hire
Webster -       Operator of looms
Wharfinger -    Owner of a wharf
Wheelwright -   One who made or repaired wheels; wheeled carriages,etc.
Whitesmith -    Tinsmith; worker of iron who finishes or polishes the work
Whitewing -     Street sweeper
Whitster -      Bleacher of cloth
Wright -        Workman, especially a construction worker
Yeoman -        Farmer who owns his own land

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This page last updated Friday, November 15, 2024

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